How crypto is taxed, country by country
The fee you pay the exchange is only part of the cost. When you sell, your country may take a share of the gain, or a small cut of every sale. Here is what each country's own tax authority says, with a link to the page.
United States
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 0 / 15 / 20% · if held more than a year; otherwise your income tax rate
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- IRS
United Kingdom
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 18% / 24% · depending on your income tax band
- Tax-free
- First £3,000 of gains each year
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- HMRC (GOV.UK)
France
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 12.8% · plus social levies
- Tax-free
- If total sales in the year are €305 or less
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- impots.gouv.fr
Spain
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 19–30% · Progressive capital gains rates
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- Agencia Tributaria
Italy
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 33% · 26% for euro stablecoins
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- Normattiva (L. 199/2025)
Israel
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 25% · plus a surtax on high incomes
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- רשות המסים
Brazil
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 15–22.5% · Progressive capital gains rates
- Tax-free
- If sales in a month are R$35,000 or less
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- Ministério da Fazenda
Indonesia
A small tax on each sale, instead of a tax on gains
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- 0.21% of each sale · 1% on a foreign exchange
- Official source
- DJP (pajak.go.id)
Vietnam
A small tax on each sale, instead of a tax on gains
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- 0.1% of each sale
- Official source
- Báo Chính phủ
United Arab Emirates
Not taxed: no personal income tax
- Rate
- 0%
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- u.ae
India
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 30% · flat; losses cannot be offset
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- 1% withheld at source above a yearly threshold
- Official source
- Income Tax Department
Poland
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 19% · on proceeds minus costs
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- Ministerstwo Finansów
Netherlands
Not actual gains: a deemed return on your holdings
- Rate
- 36% · on a deemed return of 6% of the value on 1 January
- Tax-free
- First €59,357 of total savings and investments
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- Belastingdienst
Proposed change, not law yet: A law to tax the actual yearly return instead of a deemed one passed the lower house; the Senate vote is postponed. Planned start: 1 January 2028. Eerste Kamer
Ukraine
Counted as other income (no specific rules)
- Rate
- 18% + 5% · income tax + military levy, on the amount received
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- ДПС (tax.gov.ua)
Proposed change, not law yet: A bill to regulate and tax virtual assets passed its first reading in parliament and is being prepared for the second. Верховна Рада
Argentina
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 5% · on sales in pesos; 15% in foreign currency
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- ARCA
Colombia
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 15% · if held 2 years or more; otherwise your income tax rate
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- DIAN
Chile
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- Your income tax rate
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- SII
South Africa
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- 0–18% · Progressive capital gains rates
- Tax-free
- First ZAR 50,000 of gains each year
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- SARS
Australia
Gains when you sell
- Rate
- Your income tax rate, on half the gain if held 12 months or more
- Tax-free
- None
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- ATO
Switzerland
Gains are tax-free; holdings count toward wealth tax
- Rate
- Wealth tax rate set by your canton
- Tax on each sale
- None
- Official source
- ESTV
A country is filled in only when its tax authority, ministry or law says so on a page we could read. For Turkey, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Peru, Pakistan, and Bolivia, we found only press or adviser articles, so we show nothing rather than guess.
Exchanges report to tax authorities
Under the EU's DAC8 rules, exchanges serving EU residents collect their customers' crypto transactions from 2026 and pass them to tax authorities from 2027. Most other countries on this page have committed to the OECD's similar rules (CARF) from 2027 or 2028. Using a foreign exchange does not keep trades out of view. European Commission: DAC8
Why tax belongs in the total cost
Where a tax is charged on each sale (Indonesia, Vietnam), it adds to every trade just like a fee. Where holding time matters (Australia, the United States), selling a few weeks early can cost more than any exchange fee.